Protractor Interview Questions

Protractor is an end to end testing framework for AngularJs Applications. It is built on top of WebDriverJs protocol which internally uses native events and browser-specific drivers to interact with our application. 

• It uses the simple syntax for writing test cases.
• Have angular-specific locators like ng-model, ng-bind, etc.
• Supports behavior-driven development tools like Jasmine/Mocha 
• Easily integrated with Jenkins/Browser, Stack/Grunt.
• Support all latest browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Internet explorer.

You can use the following commands to install Protractor on windows:

Use npm to install Protractor globally with:
npm install -g protractor

You can cancel Alert in Protractor by using dismiss() as follows:

The dismiss() method is used to cancel the alert for handling alerts in Selenium. It is functional for all alert types: prompt, alert, and confirmation dialogue box.

driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
It activates by clicking on the “X” button in the prompt. 

You can accept Alert in Protractor by using accept() as follows:

The accept() method is used to accept an alert and continue with the webpage operation. It can be utilized for all JavaScript alert types. An alert command can be executed by using the variable for handling alerts in Selenium:

var myAlert = browser.switchTo().alert();
myAlert.accept();
Click on the 'OK' button will confirm the action

browser.refresh() is used to refresh the current page or make a full reload of the current page in Protractor. It assumes that the current application is an angular application and waits to load before executing the next command.

Few locators available in Protractor are as follows:

1. by.className
2. by.id
3. by.CSS
4. by.linkText
5. by.name
6. by.partialLinkText
7. by.tagName
8. by.xpath

To get a text on an input in the protractor you can use getText() function.

To use Cucumber. js, you should update the framework and add a framework path, and then add a few cucumberOpts that specify where to find the step definition files such that it will now run the protractor cucumber.

Protractor is built on top of WebDriverJS. It includes important improvements for AngularJS apps.

WebbDriver click() simulates real user interaction with the UI whereas JavaScript click() executes JavaScript in the currently selected frame or window.

You can select an option from the dropdown in Protractor e2e testing with the following step:

• Find the dropdown using the element.
• Click the dropdown.
• Click the option.

You can use the following code to set the default window size in Protractor/WebdriverJs:

browser.executeScript('window.moveTo(0,0);' + 'window.resizeTo(screen.width, screen.height);');

webdriver.By.className is used in Protractor to locates elements that have a specific class name.

With the help of following syntax you can create a promise in protractor, the code snippet is:
var deferred = protractor.promise.defer();
var promise = deferred.promise;

Use npm to install Protractor globally with npm install -g protractor. This will install two command-line tools, protractor and webdriver-manager. By running protractor --version you can insure it's working.

You can get the current URL using protractor by using browser.getCurrentUrl() as follows:

expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toEqual("expectedUrl");

browser. ignoreSynchronization is the driver method used directly to find the elements such that the system will try to find them without waiting for any ongoing $http requests to finish, It can be done by setting browser. ignoreSynchronization = true .

Mouse actions are the demonstration of mouse activities (such as hover, clicking, drag, and drop) that can be easily simulated in Selenium Protractor with the predefined methods for mouse movement, clicking, and others.

Different mouse actions that can be performed using protractor are as follows:

1. mouseMove()
2. dragAndDrop( source , target )
3. click()
4. doubleClick()
5. mouseUp()
6. mouseDown()
7. contextClick()
8. clickAndHold()
9. dragAndDropBy(source, xOffset, yOffset)
10. moveByOffset(xOffset, yOffset)
11. moveToElement(toElement)
12. release()
13. mouseMove()
14. mouseHover()

Major differences between Protractor and Selenium are as follows:

Yeoman is a scaffolding system that allows you to rapidly create any kind of application. It gets you to start on the new projects and streamline the maintenance of the existing projects. You can create a project with yeoman in any language.

Yeoman is also used to bootstrap new services, create modules or packaged, promote new projects, and enforce standards & best practices.

Grunt is a JavaScript task runner that lets you do less work for performing repetitive tasks such as minification, compilation, unit testing, compilation, and linting. It makes doing these jobs easier. Grunt provides you with many plugins to automate these jobs with less effort. Some of the available plugins with the Grunt are CoffeeScript, handlebars, jade, JS Hint, less, sass, etc.

Jasmine is a development framework used for testing JavaScript code. It is a behavior-driven framework that does not depend upon any other frameworks. Jasmine doesn’t require DOM and has clean syntax so you can write tests easily. It has low overhead with no external dependencies so it is fast. It also runs on your browser and you can test with Node JS.

Mocha is a JavaScript testing framework that runs on your browser with Node Js. With this, you can easily create an asynchronous test. The tests from the Mocha can run serially with high flexibility for accurate reporting. It is an open-source framework that is maintained by volunteers.

Protractor support Jasmine and Mocha BDD test frameworks.

A SPA application is a web app load a single HTML page and dynamically update that page as the user interacts with the app.SPA using ajax and HTML5 to create fluid and responsive Web apps, without constant page reloads.

We can use the sendKeys() command to set the value to prompt type javascript Alert in Protractor.